G16-03 分詞構句第三款：省略and
文章編號：G16-03
分詞構句的第三篇發佈之後，也代表著英文文法終於來到了整個核心文法區的最後一篇文章：分詞構句第三款！其心法其實很簡單：
「and連接兩個對等的動詞時(也就是兩個動詞共享一個主詞時),省略and, 其後面動詞變Ving (如果是being則常省略). Ving前面會有逗點。」
看些例句熟悉一下操作規則吧～
E.g.1: 「血液在身體裡循環，攜帶氧氣到身體很多部分。」
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and連接版 |
Blood circulates in the body(,) and carries oxygen to various parts of the body. |
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分詞構句版 |
Blood circulates in the body, carrying oxygen to various parts of the body. |
E.g.2: 「幾萬個憤怒的女性集結在市長辦公室外面，大喊抗議性別不平等。」
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and連接版 |
Tens of thousands of furious females assembled outside the mayor’s office(,) and screamed in protest of gender inequality. |
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分詞構句版 |
Tens of thousands of furious females assembled outside the mayor’s office, screaming in protest of gender inequality. |
E.g.3: 「她是個直言不諱的擁護者，提倡很多健康相關的理念，並盡力促進社會大眾的健康。」
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and連接版 |
She is an outspoken advocate of a variety of health-related causes, and tries her best to promote the health of the general public. |
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分詞構句版 |
She is an outspoken advocate of a variety of health-related causes, trying her best to promote the health of the general public. |
分詞構句第三款進階版
如果想成為分詞構句高高手，可以再往下學這第三款心法的獨立分詞構句：
「and連接兩個句子,而這兩個句子的主詞不同時,省略and,但保留第二個句子的主詞,其後面的動詞變Ving(如果是being則常省略). Ving前面有逗點。」
補充：這樣的句子還可用with + O + OC的結構改寫（詳見G16-01G16-01 分詞構句第一款：省略主格型關代分詞構句第一款衍生篇二）
E.g.1: 「他正在看電視，他狗狗睡在他旁邊。」
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and連接版 |
He was watching TV(,) and his dog was sleeping beside him. |
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分詞構句版 |
He was watching TV, his dog (being) sleeping beside him. |
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with + O + OC版 |
He was watching TV with his dog sleeping beside him. |
E.g.2: 「她微笑，眼淚在眼睛裡打轉。」
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and連接版 |
She smiled(,) and her tears glistened in her eyes. |
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分詞構句版 |
She smiled, her tears glistening in her eyes. |
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with + O + OC版 |
She smiled with her eyes glistening in her eyes. |
分詞構句第三款學完囉～這心法運用跟前面兩款比起來應該相對單純吧？了然於心後，我們來點分詞構句綜合練習題唷。
分詞構句綜合練習：
很多英文長句裡都會出現「, Ving」這結構。但到底那「, Ving」是分詞構句第一款省略, which來的（詳見G16-01G16-01 分詞構句第一款：省略主格型關代G16-01基本變化篇E.g.6)，還是本文提到的省略and而來的呢？這要看前後文語意來判斷~
有三種可能出現的情況
一、 , Ving = , which + V(分詞構句第一款）
E.g.: In medicine, AI algorithms allow us to make more precise diagnoses and personalized treatment plans for patients, revolutionizing healthcare.
「在醫藥方面，AI演算法讓我們來做出更精確的診斷，並對病人做出個人化的治療方案，這大幅變革了醫療。」
source: https://morethandigital.info/en/the-future-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-in-2024-and-beyond/
討論：這裡的, revolutionizing是省略, which還是and？
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如果是分詞構句第一款省略, which來的，原句應該是... |
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如果是分詞構句第三款省略and來的，原句應該是... |
結論：這句英文裡的, revolutionizing = , which revolutionzes
二 , Ving = and + V （分詞構句第三款）
E.g.: He suspects the warming effect of the volcanic eruption has been larger than early estimates suggested, noting that the eruption may have affected atmospheric circulation and helped amplify the El Niño that developed in 2023.
「他懷疑火山噴發的暖化效應已經比早期預期顯示的大，且提到其噴發可能已經影響大氣循環，並幫忙放大2023年的聖嬰現象。」
source: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/10/climate/ocean-heat-records.html
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如果是分詞構句第一款省略, which來的，原句應該是... |
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如果是分詞構句第三款省略and來的，原句應該是... |
結論：這句英文裡的, noting = and notes
三、 兩種都有可能：
E.g.: In 2018, the eruption of Indonesia’s Anak Krakatau caused it to topple into the sea, triggering a tsunami (that struck the coasts of the main Java and Sumatra islands, killing more than 400 people).
「在2018年，印尼的喀拉喀托火山爆發，陷入海中，造成海嘯。該海嘯襲擊爪哇本島和蘇門答臘島，造成400多人喪生。」
source: https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/17/asia/indonesia-mount-ruang-volcano-eruption-intl-hnk/index.html
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如果是分詞構句第一款省略, which來的，原句應該是... |
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如果是分詞構句第三款省略and來的，原句應該是... |
結論：, triggering = , which triggered = , and triggered
, killing = , which killed = , and killed
或許你會問，為什麼要這麼麻煩去分析看到某個「, Ving」是等於分詞構句第一款的「, which + V」還是分詞構句第三款的「, and +V」呢？因為要想清楚了，才知道做這個動作的主詞到底是誰，是前面整件事呢？還是前面的主詞而已。如此才能對於這個英文長句的理解才能更清楚透徹唷～
分詞構句第三款結論
最後，回歸到本文前面的重點：分詞構句第三款，其心法為「and連接兩個對等的動詞時(也就是兩個動詞共享一個主詞時),省略and, 其後面動詞變Ving (如果是being則常省略). Ving前面會有逗點。」
熟悉的話～就來一點練習吧
分詞構句第三款練習題
請寫出空格中動詞的「and連接版」、「分詞構句版」跟「with + O + OC版」（記得要獨立分詞構句才寫的出來「with + O + OC版」來唷～如果「with + O + OC」版寫不出來就打X)
E.g.1：「她急忙穿過擁擠的街道，閃過行人」
She hurried through the crowded streets, _______ (dodge) pedestrians.
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and連接版 |
and dodged |
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分詞構句版 |
, dodging |
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with + O + OC版 |
x |
E.g.2: 「小孩在後院玩，灌水氣球在空中飛。」
The children played in the backyard, water balloons _______ (fly) through the air.
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and連接版 |
and water balloons flew and water balloons were flying |
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分詞構句版 |
, water balloons flying |
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with + O + OC版 |
with water balloons flying |
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He stood on the cliff edge, _____________ (contemplate) the vastness of the ocean below.
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and連接版 |
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分詞構句版 |
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with + O + OC版 |
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The chef prepared the ingredients with precision, _________ (chop) vegetables with practiced skill.
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and連接版 |
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分詞構句版 |
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with + O + OC版 |
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He worked in the garden with plants swaying gently in the breeze.
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and連接版 |
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分詞構句版 |
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with + O + OC版 |
如果準備好了，歡迎點我作答。該表單會自動核對答案，也會提供解析說明。
如果還是有問題的話，也歡迎私訊我們的臉書粉專或IG帳號，也可email來信，我們都會盡快回覆。祝您英文學習愉快囉 ：）