G4-012 一樣是so that，so…that…跟so that..用法差在哪裡？
以前學英文時，應該多少有聽過so…that…「如此...以至於」跟so that…「為了/以便於...」這兩個句型。它們看似很像，但意思跟用法不太一樣。到底兩個so that差在哪裡，而且有什麼需要深入注意的地方呢？本文就一次講清楚說明白吧～
首先，先說明一下這兩個句型的that子句在文法上都被歸類為「副詞子句」，詳見G15-01副詞子句是什麼？英文老師教你５分鐘學會副詞子句！文中一開始介紹7款副詞子句中的第6款「表結果」跟第7款「表目的」。但因為這兩款副詞子句跟後續G16系列要談的分詞構句沒有關係，其用法比較獨立且固定，故移駕到G4系列這裏來討論。
so…that 「如此...以至於」（表結果）
|
S + V(主要動詞) + so + adj./ adv. that S + V |
如果主要動詞為beV, so 後面就是接形容詞
E.g.: He was so tired that he fell asleep right away after sitting on the sofa.
「他如此累，以至於坐在沙發上後馬上睡著。」
如果主要動詞為普通動詞，so後面就是接副詞
E.g.: He ran so fast that no other competitors could outrun him in the race.
「他跑得如此快，以至於其他競爭者無法在比賽中跑過他。」
衍生用法1: so擺句首時，其接的adj或adv跟著移到句首，然後整個主要句子倒裝，也就是改成疑問句的樣貌。而後面的that子句照抄即可。以上面出現過的例句為例：
E.g.1: He was so tired that he fell asleep right away after sitting on the sofa.
= So tired was he that he fell asleep right away after sitting on the sofa.
E.g.2: He ran so fast that no other competitors could outrun him in the race.
= So fast did he run that no other competitors could outrun him in the race.
衍生用法2: 此句型還可以改用such做變化
|
S + V(主要動詞） + so adj. + a/ an + 單數名詞 that + S+ V = S + V (主要動詞） + such a/ an + adj. + 單數名詞 that + S + V |
E.g.1: She is so sweet a girl that everyone wants to make friends with her.
= She is such a sweet girl that everyone wants to make friends with her.
「她是個如此貼心的女孩，以至於大家都想和她做朋友。」
E.g.2: Jack has so big a car that it’s hard for him to park it anywhere.
= Jack has such a big car that it’s hard for him to park it anywhere.
「傑克有如此大的一台車，以至於哪裡都很難停車。」
＊編按：此時就不把so擺句首做倒裝了。
衍生用法3: 可形成Such擺句首的倒裝句，用來強調主要句子之主詞
|
Such + beV (主要動詞） + S + that S + V |
E.g.1: Such was my father’s anger that he swept everything off the table.
「我父親如此的生氣，以至於他把所有東西都從桌子上掃下來。」
= My father was so angry that he swept everything off the table.
= So angry was my father that he swept everything off the table.
E.g.2: Such was Mozart’s talent that he composed many of his masterpieces at a very young age.
「莫札特如此有才華，以至於他很年輕時就創作了很多他的傑作。」
=Mozart was so talented that he composed many of his masterpieces at a very young age.
= So talent was Mozart that he composed many of his masterpieces at a very young age.
so that…「為了/以便於...」(表目的）
|
S + V (主要動詞) so that S + V = S + V (主要動詞) in order that + S + V = S + V(主要動詞）in the hope that + S + V |
E.g.: He worked part-time so that he could pay his way through college.
= He worked part-time in order that he could pay his way through college.
= He worked part-time in the hope that he could pay his way through college.
「他兼職工作，以便於可以自己付學費念完大學。」
補充用法：上面的that副詞子句部分，可以換成其他片語
|
in order to + Vr so as to + Vr (此片語不可放句首） |
|
with a view to + Ving = with an eye to + Ving = with the intention of + Ving = in the hope of + Ving = for the purpose of + Ving = for the sake of + Ving |
上面的例句直接拿來改寫：
E.g.: He worked part-time in order to pay his way through college.
= He worked part-time so as to pay his way through college.
= He worked part-time with a view to paying his way through college.
= He worked part-time with an eye to paying his way through college.
= He worked part-time with the intention of paying his way through college.
= He worked part-time in the hope of paying his way through college.
= He worked part-time for the purpose of paying his way through college.
= He worked part-time for the sake of paying his way through college.
如果是要表達否定「為了不要/以便於不要...」的意思呢？來看一下例句
E.g.: I got up early so that I wouldn’t miss the train.
= I got up early in order that I wouldn’t miss the train.
= I got up early in the hope that I wouldn’t miss the train.
= I got up early in order not to miss the train.
= I got up early so as not to miss the train.
「我早起，為了不要錯過火車。」
so that總結
本文的概念不複雜，其實就是把句型或是片語背熟，套用進去就可以囉～
|
so…that 「如此...以至於」（表結果） - S + V(主要動詞) + so + adj./ adv. that S + V - S + V(主要動詞） + so adj. + a/ an + 單數名詞 that + S+ V - Such + beV (主要動詞） + S + that S + V |
|
so that…「為了/以便於...」(表目的） - S + V (主要動詞) so that S + V = S + V (主要動詞) in order that + S + V = S + V(主要動詞）in the hope that + S + V
|