假設語氣的倒裝句構一次學會！
文章編號：G31-04
G15-05【副詞子句】 表條件的副詞子句之假設語氣篇(I)及G15-06【副詞子句】 表條件的副詞子句之假設語氣篇(II)談到了假設語氣的五大句構，包含一個混合版句構，總共六個．整理如下: (建議這六個句構都要先背熟再閱讀本文唷～）
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一、 與過去事實相反的假設語氣 (the third conditional) If + S + had + pp…., S + would/ could/ should/ might + have + pp. |
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二、與現在事實相反的假設語氣 (the second conditional) If + S + 過去簡單式動詞/were…，S + would/could/should/might + Vr |
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一＋二混合版、 過去影響到現在 If S + had pp…., S + would/ could/ should/ might + Vr (now, today…) |
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三、 可能的未來 (the first conditional) If S + 現在簡單式...，S + will/ can/ shall/ may + Vr |
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四、 不太可能發生的未來（機率為10%左右） If S + should (萬一)+ Vr…, S + would/ could/ should/ might + Vr S + will/ can/ shall/ may + Vr 命令句（祈使句） |
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五、 絕不可能發生的未來（發生機率為0%) If + S + were to + Vr…, S + would/ could/ should/ might + Vr |
除了句型三之外，其他句型都有機會玩倒裝句～只要....
「if省略掉，had, were或should（上方藍底標出）往句首放」
這樣變出來的副詞子句看起來就像疑問句，故被歸類為一種倒裝句．我們就用G15-05跟G15-06出現的例句來變變看假設語氣的倒裝句～(副詞子句會一律用底線標出）
E.g.: If you had taken my advice that day, you wouldn’t have been dismissed. 「如果那天你有接受我的建議，你就不會被解雇了。」
＝ Had you taken my advice that day, you wouldn’t have been dismissed.
另外別忘了副詞子句也可以放在主要句子的後面唷～這規則細說於G15-01副詞子句是什麼？英文老師教你５分鐘學會副詞子句！中提到副詞子句擺放的位置規則(2)．故上面例句也可以寫成....
＝ You wouldn’t have been dismissed had you taken my advice that day.
此假設語氣句構二的if子句，只有其動詞為were時，才可以省略if, 把were擺擺句首形成倒裝句唷～如果其動詞為一般過去簡單式動詞，則不可形成倒裝句．
E.g.: If he were younger, he would marry that young lady.
「如果他年輕一點的話，他會娶那位年輕女士。」
＝ Were he younger, he would marry that young lady.
＝ He would marry that young lady were he younger.
E.g.: If she had studied medicine in college, she could be a doctor now.
「如果她大學時念醫學，現在就是個醫生了。」
＝ Had she studied medicine in college, she could be a doctor now.
＝ She could be a doctor now had she studied medicine in college.
E.g.: If I should win the lottery, I would buy a sports car for myself.
「萬一我中彩券的話，我會幫自己買部跑車。」
＝ Should I win the lottery, I would buy a sports car for myself.
＝ I would buy a sports car for myself should I win the lottery.
*提醒：此句構在多益閱讀中算常見，值得注意一下唷～
E.g.: If the sun were to rise in the west, I would apologize to you.
= Were the sun to rise in the west, I would apologize to you.
= I would apologize to you were the sun to rise in the west.
「如果太陽從西邊升起，我就會跟你道歉」
總結
如何形成假設語氣的倒裝句？規則就是「if省略掉，had, were或should往句首放．」但要使用這規則的前提是，假設語氣的5+1個句構（G15-05【副詞子句】 表條件的副詞子句之假設語氣篇(I)跟G15-06【副詞子句】 表條件的副詞子句之假設語氣篇(II)所提的五大句構＋句構一二混合版）都背熟了，如此一來使用此倒裝規則時就會很清楚易懂，而不會覺得是要死背的規則．
如果都清楚了，就來點題目練習一下吧～